Animals – Senior pet care

As our pets “get on a bit” they may show signs of slow or difficulty in getting up, sitting or grunting when lying down. Dogs may no longer crouch down to poo, but walk while passing stools. Cats (and goats) no longer jump up onto chairs and tables. The hind limbs may look and feel thinner. Very often this is due to arthritis.

Arthro means joint and itis means inflammation, so arthritis means joint inflammation. Inflammation results in thinning of the usually thick joint fluid and, hence, less cushioning. Consequently, the cartilages, which line the surfaces of the adjoining bones, take more pressure, become harder and pain is experienced. Pain results in tensing up and the muscle contraction pulls the joint surfaces together establishing a vicious cycle. Messages are sent to the brain which result in an increased sensitivity to pain (known as ‘wind-up’). Increased pain makes the animal reluctant to move which then results in loss of muscle mass that weakens them even further.

Arthritis cannot be cured, but the symptoms can be managed to improve quality of life. Dietary joint supplements such as chondroitin, glucosamine and MSM (often derived from marine sources) nourish the cartilages and joint fluid, making them more resilient. Their relative amounts vary between humans and animals, so it is best use species-specific products. There are complete dog and cat foods on the market like ‘joint care/diet’, which contain the supplements. When treating ruminants, it is best to avoid animal-based products, and rather use plant-based products.

Many herbs and spices such as boswellia and turmeric nourish the joints and relieve pain, but need to be used correctly, matching the action of the herb with the disease process in the animal, otherwise they can result in further problems. It is best to consult an animal herbalist before using herbs to ensure they are given in the correct formulation and dosage.

Veterinary pain killers are only available on prescription. Most anti-inflammatory tablets are given daily with food. After resolving the symptoms with a standard dose, the dose is decreased to the lowest effective dose in order to minimise the side effects. It can be increased again if needed.

Injectable pain medications usually involve a course of weekly injections for four weeks and then monthly injections or as needed. A newer medication, which also addresses the ‘wind up’ described above, is injected monthly.

Acupuncture also addresses the wind-up process and local inflammation, as well as mitigating underlying causes. Warmth and magnetic beds and blankets help nourishment of tired muscles.